Branding Proposal

Done is a small, personally owned public relations agency that specializes in event activations. C-Ad's strong suits are in image creation, coordinating, promoting and managing public events. The activities that are provided, ensures the client's target customers to understand and remember their brand without having a second to think. Our target customers are start-up business, rising small businesses and expanding businesses.These clients are in need of outsourced public relations in order to gain more information of what the external dimension of their company is in need of. By magnifying our trained, experienced and valued employees, Commanded will definitely earn its spot in the public relations map in advance than planned. Furthermore, by the owner having good relationships in the fashion and entertainment business this will be a competitive advantage on getting the appropriate press for the event activations. Commanded will use the traditional 3 ways of promotion, which are; 1 .Offline marketing Print ads (magazine, newspaper, flyers, posters) Television/ radio commercials Coordinate events for the opening events and get involved with charity work to get some reputation and a name in the industry because normally, charity events involves a lot of pres and celebrities, furthermore, by building a good relationship with the charity companies and celebrities, it will automatically attract the public eye. 2. Online marketing 2. 1 . 2. 2. 2. 3. Twitter, Faceable and Mainstream Pop-up ads E-mail blasts (different from spam) 3.Word of mouth 3. 1 . Relying on the relationship that has been made from events, Commanded are hoping and sure that all of our future customers will be satisfied and will recommend our services to family and friends. Our agency's target audiences are; I Start-up business, New businesses that still do not have any recognition from the community and most importantly from their target customers. Ii Rising small businesses and Small business wh om are known in the coal surroundings market but wants to expand into the bigger community. Ii Expanding businesses Business whom are already known but still wants to branch out, and host opening parties which will involve press and possibly spokes person.

Positive reward Essay

It can also be maintained that Kistler had more urge of continuing his ‘virtual’ mischief since he was able to, for the most part, obtain sexual pleasure through the means of the internet which could have been an easy method for Kistler to achieve his aims. The pleasure he gets is a form of a ‘positive reward’ at least in the context of Kistler as opposed to the idea that the pleasure he gets is not actually any sort of ‘reward’ to others especially to the victims. By admitting that he knew that what he did was essentially wrong perhaps in the legal and moral senses, it leads one to the realization that Kistler may unconsciously place his personal actions as behaviors that override any existing proscriptions against them. Thus, by considering his pedophilic behavior as one that is ‘wrong’ yet fulfilling in sexual terms, Kistler eventually treats his behavior as one that is above what is being forbidden or disallowed by the larger society of which he is a part of. Further, his absence of knowing that he was causing harm—or at least as far as he reveals—holds a reasonable argument that pertains to the corresponding absence of an effort to deliberately put a stop to his behavior. That is, since Kistler was not well aware that he was causing harm to his ‘victims’, there was no apparent reason for him to adjust accordingly or to realign his behavior according to the normal conducts within the society, to legal and moral prescriptions, and to what is prohibited. Otherwise, had Kistler known the negative effects his behavior has been causing, there remains the probability that he may have discontinued his actions—or he may have not. What is more important is the idea that there are reasons behind Kistler’s behavior albeit having the knowledge that his behavior is one of the things the status quo of the society is against. Nevertheless, Kistler was sentenced to 24 years of federal imprisonment; a contemporary example to the ancient Roman law â€Å"ignorance of the law is no excuse† (Brudner, 1995, p. 224). Since the learning process contains the appropriation of punishments and rewards in the SLT, there remains the implied cause that Kistler initially engaged in his pedophilic behavior and continued to do so after he was able to obtain a ‘reward’ for soliciting sexually explicit images from teenage girls. Even further, his initial behavior of engaging into internet child pornography may have also sprung from a variety of reasons which, after engaging into the act, led Kistler to obtain a ‘rewarding’ experience largely in the form of sexual satisfaction. Although the far more original causes beyond the subsequent continuance of his actions are of interest as well, the primary concern of the SLT remains to the ‘direct conditioning’ of the behavior of the individual or of, specifically, Kistler. The concept of ‘direct conditioning’ can be illustrated in the case where the experience of traumatic situations in the dental surgery is linked with the occurrence of fear by means of the learning of a correlation of pain as well as distress with the dental situation (Milson, Tickle, Humphris, & Blinkhorn, 2003, p. 495). Conversely, the case of Kistler can be analyzed in terms of the concept of direct conditioning. That is, the ‘sexually rewarding’ experience of Kistler with regards to his ‘pornographic’ exploits can be seen as one that is associated with the occurrence of the feeling of ‘liking’ what he does through the learning of a correlation of ‘sexual satisfaction’ with online child pornography by pretending as a dying teenage boy and appealing to teenage girls to send sexually explicit images.

Drug Court Program in NJ Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Drug Court Program in NJ - Term Paper Example The thesis statement which has been used in this paper is that: There is an immediate need to expand the drug court programs and the expansion should be in terms of program structure, underlying ideas, the area of jurisdiction, and manpower. The existing Drug Court Program, though very well structured, has not been very successful. The program started in 1996-97 and by 1999, it got well structured and the number of such courts reached 472 (Franco 2010 p.5). Drug courts started a societal shift toward therapeutic jurisprudence. The focus moved to the person rather than the crime. Frequent personal interactions with the professionals of the drug court team have helped people to recover to some extent. Though the program created more productive people for the society, in creating a healthy society it has not been very successful. In the year 2010-11, the percentage of employed people entering the program is 29%. Upon graduating the number rose to 84% (New Jersey Courts, 2011, p. 24). Now there can be some discrepancies in those numbers. The real scenario can be seen from the health benefits data. Upon entering the program, 15% of the people were considered healthy; but while graduating, only 48% of the people were labeled a s healthy. Though 33% rise is very attractive, the percentage of unhealthy people is quite substantial at 52% (New Jersey Courts, 2011, p.24). This staggering percentage is a clear indicator of the fact that the program, though very rigorous, is not very effective to create people of sound mind and body. It seems like a short time fix which is more evident from the 2009-10 annual report. Here the health benefits increased from 17% to 53% upon graduating (New Jersey Courts, 2010, p.20).

Policy of Hong Kong in Healthcare System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Policy of Hong Kong in Healthcare System - Essay Example The paper presents that in the era of globalization and advanced technical knowhow countries are making significant reforms in their various sectors. In such a respect Hong Kong is also not left behind. The country has made a number of alterations within the healthcare sector. The reforms have been directed towards providing better health care services to the country’s citizens. The Department of Health is entrusted with framing policies for country’s healthcare care services and also to facilitate efficient allocation of resources. It has implemented new policies and modified existing policies. Several modifications have been made in healthcare practices and management. New pricing policy has been introduced in Hong Kong healthcare sector. The country in 2002 has introduced charges for patients who are admitted in hospitals under emergency situation or after meeting with an accident. The reforms have lead to noticeable reduction in death rates and increased life expect ancies. Better treatment is available from efficient health care professionals at a considerably low cost. Keeping this at the backdrop the current paper tends to present a critical review of the pricing policy that has been implemented for the health care system of Hong Kong. The public hospitals and clinics in Hong Kong receive a good amount of subsidies from the government so as to provide medical treatment to the citizens at the lowest possible cost. The government despite such high quality medical care has imposed low rates of taxes. However government is expected to bear the burden of expensive medical facilities which is likely to increase in the upcoming years. The estimates have shown a continuous increase in governmental expenditure for health care (Development and Financing of Hong Kong’s Future Health Care, 2007). Pricing Policy of Hong Kong Healthcare System Health care services in Hong Kong are considered to be a mixed one. The public sector has taken up the res ponsibility to give 92 percent of the hospital services. About 85 percent of primary care is provided by the private sector. Most people approach public hospitals for complex diseases in Hong Kong mainly due to the low cost of treatment (Fitzner, Coughlin, Timori and Bennett, 2000). The fees charged by public health care institutions in Hong Kong are very much less compared to other countries. Government has imposed strict regulations on these public sector fees. However patients have a hard time trying to get to the physician. The healthcare system is very time consuming. Patients have to pay a high cost in terms of inconvenience and time consuming treatment. Physicians often send their patients to emergency department in order to get a simple diagnostic test done. The emergency department remains filled with such patients depriving the actual needy ones from proper treatment (Hay, 1992, pp.35-36). However medical treatment for diseases like tuberculosis is performed free of cost. However to make such a low cost medical system sustainable for the country is a major challenge before the government (Hong Kong (China), 2010). It is becoming increasingly difficult for the government to meet the expenses of such low cost medical treatment. Recent economic predictions have shown increase in tax rates to finance healthcare needs. Such a pricing policy under health care system have made even the richer sections rush to public hospitals for treatment. The demand for such health care facilities has been continuously growing (Hay, 1992, p.51). Clearly Hong Kong has adopted a non- interventional for its public healthcare system. The pricing policy was aimed at providing medical facilities to those sections of population that cannot afford medical treatment elsewhere. Reforms have also been made in the structure of funds in Hong Kong to adopt such

Marketing Management Master Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Marketing Management Master - Case Study Example Defre Robes is also intending to extend it product line and probably add new lines as well. Additionally, the firm plans to venture in online opportunities by creating ecommerce tool. The market has been very receptive of the products offered. High quality products, designer and party robes for pets coming in trendy colours, with logos and slogans that portray outdoor enthusiasm (Hiebing & Cooper 2003). Defre Robes was established this year by Defredor Ashira, who is a young and ambitious entrepreneur. Ashira has a degree in fashion and Design from as reputable university; he has also worked in a designer firm for two years where at a time which he did his post graduate diploma in marketing. This company is a reflection of Ashira's Love for outdoor activities and especially those that involves pets and show-offs (Westwood 2006). The company's original cotton robes for pets to play in are superb and convenient in games, hiking, and other games (Kotler 2003) Defre robes are currently stored in several retail stores across the United Kingdom; they include areas like Camden, Warwick, Hampstead, and London. The company also intends to increase to other place like Whitley bay and Hungerford before the end of this year. The products have unique slogans, well coordinated colours and of greater quality. The firm is also dedicated to conserving the environment through the support of environmental programs. This marketing plan will outline Defre's plan to introduce newer products, increase distribution and venture into new markets and give back to the society as well (Hiebing & Cooper 2003). Business Overview Defer robes target individual who appreciate their pets and also like outdoor activities. Sportswear retailers will also form the second majority clients. This is in view of the fact that people are increasingly devoting some time to take care of their pets and going with them out for outdoor activities like hiking, normal walks, touring recreation sites their pets. It's been found that well dressed pets are attractive to carry around or even take them for a walk (Okwiya 2009). The company intends to blend these attires by opening a sports centre for the pets' outdoor activities and games. The pricing of the prices is relatively fair with a simple robe for a pet (smaller size) going for $40 dollars and the most expensive one is barely $ 80. The firm is still very young and most of the dales are done directly while the rest are stored in retailer stores and few distributors. The firm also realizes that technology is increasing and that online services will be more convenient. And as such, the firm also intends to open online services in future and eventually start recreation activates for pets. The firm has another compound near Warwick where it can set up a place the people can go to relax and have good time with their pets (Gibbon 2002) There are few competitors who manufacture pets cloths in London an major teems in UK but this will be overcome by Defre's strategy which includes direct selling to the clients and organizing events like fashion shows, exhibitions and plays for pets (Okwiya 2009). Mission and Goals The corporate mission for Defre Robes is to be the leading producer and supplier of personalized robes for pets to their customers and especially

Stephenie Meyer - Author Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Stephenie Meyer - Author - Essay Example With no prior writing experience it is quite a miracle that she managed to enthrall her readers with her creativity. Meyer graduated in English Literature but that did not provide her a great platform to start writing, prior to writing the series she worked as a receptionist and had no firsthand experience of writing.â€Å"Stephenie born in Connecticut in 1973. Her family was settled in Phoenix by the time she was four. The unusual spelling of her name came from her father, Stephen ( + ie). Stephenie went to high school in Scottsdale, Arizona.† (Stephenie Meyer) The most fascinating thing about the story is that it was her dream which was later transformed into a full blown story; she started penning down the story for her own enjoyment but her sister after having read the story forced her to send it to various publication houses in the US. â€Å"Though I have had my name spelled wrong on pretty much everything my entire life long, I must admit that it makes it easier to google myself now.† (Stephenie Meyer) Her creativity known no bounds and this is why she is rich, famous and oozing with

Illegal Immigration, Mexican drug cartels, and terrorist organizations Research Paper

Illegal Immigration, Mexican drug cartels, and terrorist organizations - Research Paper Example The United States then takes strict measures to screen individuals from Mexico before they venture into her territory. This does not usually mean the loss of trust between the two countries but only a measure to protect territorial integrity. In most cases, culprits are not necessarily Mexicans but citizens of other countries exploiting the lax law enforcement in Mexico and using her as a passage route into the land of opportunity, the US. The US-Mexico border has one of the highest numbers of cross-border movements compared to all other international borders in the world, being second only to the US-Canada border. In this respect, the US federal government has formed two main agencies to control and deal with issues arising from cross-border movements between the two countries. The United States Border Patrol (CPB) is a component of the Department of Homeland Security within Customs and Border Protection responsible for admission into the United States people born in foreign lands. Following the September 11 terrorist attacks in 2003, the major role of the USBP became that of controlling the entry of weapons through the Mexican or the Canadian border. However, its original mission of prevention, detection, and arrest of illegal immigrants remains. These immigrants are people who get into the country through other routes other than the official 33 interior checkpoints along the Mexican border, including those involved in illegal trade (Andreas, 2003). The other federal government agency dealing with cross-border issues is the United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement Agency (ICE), which lies in the United States Department of Homeland Security. This agency is responsible for identifying and dealing with security weaknesses that affect national boundaries with other countries, the economy, transport and infrastructure. The main components of this agency are homeland security investigations, and enforcement and removal operations. Guiding

Cover Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

Cover Letter - Essay Example High collaboration and teamwork skills have assisted in maintaining quality co-ordination with previous workmates during the internship. My presentation and interpersonal skills have also made it possible to share ideas with board members. I am qualified in project management, and this has made it possible for me to attain my goal in building an orientation course for new engineers. I have professional affiliation with various organizations, the Society for human resource management being one that I have been privileged for being part of. Other associations include The Arabic Language Club, International Students’ Organization, Men’s Soccer Club, and College of Technology Student Leadership Council. These organizations have been influential in my career advancement for they have assisted me in learning and advancing myself career wise. Lastly, attached is a Curriculum Vita with my academic and professional

Operations Management Principles Examination Essay

Operations Management Principles Examination - Essay Example On account of unexpected load of materials from distributors, this results in impact on resource, space, and spares and inventory. b. "Repair parts that are controlled by Charleston facility are out of control". Following are the outcome of analysis related to this problem area: Absence of procedure for replacement of spares The probability of manual handling of spares. Lack of check, if there exists a possibility to reuse defective spares by conducting necessary rectification. Poor inventory system used. c. "Purchasing department is double checking and validating every single purchase request that comes from the inventory department" Purchase procedures do not appear to exist. Failure to adopt process of for every purchase, three vendor quotes to be obtained and compared in terms of cost, quality, delivery and payment schedule. Lack of trust on persons raising requests for purchase Absence of systems, that confirm replacement of spares being used. Absence of audit mechanism, which can be one of the measures for checks and balances. d. "Purchasing department operating a five year old EOQs (Economic Order Quantities)". Systems used on inventory and ordering cost outdated. Absence of technology oriented systems to meet the supply demand Failure of being in line with new technology. Data used, appear to be out-dated e. "Personnel department tired of obtaining trained (or trainable), temporary workers, decided to set permanent staffing levels" Lack of overview of the periodic surges in workload. Poor Resources management, resulting in loss to the organization. Absence of strong employee benefits schemes, binding employees to the organization. IV. Conceptualized conclusions, recommended solutions: Having identified the... Having identified the problems with Charleston, SC operations, and further analysis of problems analyzed, what clearly has been brought to light as outcome of the analysis is lack of control on the overall "operations management". vi. Human resource to obtain from other departments the peak workload periods, and train employees, ensuring supply on demand is available, rather than having unutilized resources on organization permanent rolls. 4. Styles: Management styles help in maintaining the entire process. Each department head should have a style in managing his team/resources/ material, which would ensure success and eliminate problems. a. Human Resource which handles the vital aspect of resources, should introduce employee retention, employee benefit schemes, having people employed on a contract mode, where employees are ready to join keeping in mind the benefits the organizations offer. 6.

A Description of Cultural Patterns Essay Example for Free

A Description of Cultural Patterns Essay Cultural patterns are described as the preferred set of responses to different life situations. According to Kluckhohn and Strodbeck’s description of cultural patterns there are 5 dimensions or elements that address the manner in which a culture orients itself to activities, social relations, the self, the world and the passage of time. In the following reflection I will identify each one of these dimensions with the cultural patterns shown in my country. Starting with the activity orientation, which defines how the people of a culture view human actions and the expression of self through activities, we can identify the Puerto Rican culture as a â€Å"becoming† one. A â€Å"becoming† orientation refers to people who are predisposed to think of ways to change themselves as a means of changing the world. Although I do not fully agree on this identifying the Puerto Rican culture, I do agree on other views that the â€Å"becoming† cultures have toward work and play. For example Puerto Ricans do not have a â€Å"clear-cut† separation between work and their social lives. Often you can go into an office and find employees chatting with each other, talking with relatives over the phone or talking about their private lives in a business meeting. The Puerto Rican culture is more relaxed in terms of work compared to the Mexican, Colombian or European American culture, we specifically work for a means to an end and appreciate every second of our leisure time. The social relations dimension describes how the people in a culture organize themselves and refer to one another. In Puerto Rico the degree of importance we place on formality has changed through the years as different generations modify the way we address people. For example teenagers often refer to their elders as â€Å"you† instead of â€Å"sir† or they will say to someone who is serving them â€Å"give me† instead of â€Å"may I have†. The Puerto Rican culture generally does not give much importance to tittles, as they believe that relationships best develop when those involved can address informally to one another. Another thing that cultural patterns prescribe are the social interactions people have between them. In the Puerto Rican culture we have African heritage so it’s no surprise when both our cultures prefer indirectness in conversations with other people of our country but do not require an intermediary to do so. Generally, people in Puerto Rico will â€Å"sugar coat† demands or favors in conversations as a way to ask for something but in a indirect approach so the person won’t perceive us as rude or ill mannered. The self-orientation of cultural patterns describes how people’s identities are formed, whether the culture views the self as changeable, what motivates individual actions, and the kinds people who are valued and respected. Puerto Ricans can easily associate with each other, as our individual self-definition is very similar. On the contrary of the European American culture, Puerto Ricans make decisions for their children based on traditions, values and what they believe to be best for them. Although individuals make their own decisions as they mature and grow up when we evaluate from a group perspective it can be said that there is a heightened sense of interdependence and what happens to the group happens to the person. An example of this can be shown in cultural linguistic tendencies, as individuals modify their usual language others do so as well; also the fact that when national catastrophes occur everyone feels identified with the loss or the pain of the others. Because Puerto Rico is such a small island it is almost predictable that individuals can associate their identity with others from the same country even if there is a social status, age, town etc. aspect that differs between them. One of the most interesting dimensions is the world orientation, which tells people how to allocate themselves in relation to the spiritual world, nature and other living things. As we know Puerto Rico has different heritages because of the cultures that have influenced us trough the colonizing process, so it is not strange that our spirituality relates mostly to the European American beliefs. The general belief in our culture is that human beings can prevent, postpone or overcome natural events such as earthquakes by making buildings stronger, finding cures for illnesses and prolonging the time of death of a sick person. As technology constantly â€Å"improves† individuals believe they have the power to control nature instead of nature controlling them. Despite the fact that we are most influenced by this belief we still have the Latino influence which leads us to believe that we will be measured by our actions in the spiritual world where our souls will rest. The final approach of these cultural patterns is the time orientation, which can be defined as the way individuals conceptualize time. The cultural frame to which the Puerto Ricans relate is the Latino; even though we do not think time is endless we don’t take time as seriously. That is the reason why people are constantly late for everything, from a birthday party to work and even to Sunday mass. Time is mostly seen as ongoing and useful to maintain order, but not of the utmost importance. Analyzing these cultural patterns one can have a more accurate sense of how culture determines the identity of a country and how things like the importance of work and social time can influence so deeply the way a whole culture behaves. Also it gives you the opportunity to compare and contrast with other countries and learn how other people can have a completely different share of values and see life in such a contrasting way. Most importantly I believe that by studying these cultural patterns one can be more sensible to other people’s needs and have more respect for their culture instead of wanting to impose ours.

Managing Business Ethics Effectively Management Essay

Managing Business Ethics Effectively Management Essay The main purpose of my paper is to explore ways to manage business ethics effectively. To achieve this, first of all, I reviewed the concepts and importance of business ethics together with its components, such as corporate ethics codes and corporate social responsibility. Next, I revealed five ways to manage business ethics efficiently. Based on these suggested ways, I recommended four practical actions for managers to have good management skills in this field. These recommendations are setting up an effective corporate ethics code, acting and behaving ethically in any circumstances, setting up rules and regulations, and advancing CSR in a very wise way. My paper concludes with two issues for future researchers. These issues are whether corporations need a business ethics manager or specialist and how companies motivate their employees to act ethically. Managing Business Ethics Effectively Business ethics was such a new concept that not many people were concerned about it (Garone, 1994; Mitchell, 2003). Things have changed over the time, and now business ethics plays a very important role in doing business (Garone, 1994; Mitchell, 2003). The need to manage business ethics becomes essential. In addition, not all cases related to business ethics management are successful (Cooper Nakabayashi, 2010; Garone, 1994; Pedersen, 2006). Therefore, how to manage it effectively is very important to managers. My research paper helps to answer this question above. Before addressing ways to help business people manage business ethics effectively, the research describes the literature framework and importance of business ethics together with its components, such as corporate ethics codes and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Next, five ways to manage business ethics effectively are listed: building an effective corporate ethics code (Mitchell, 2003), improving codes of ethics to change behavior (Buckhoff Wilson, 2008; Lere Gaumnitz, 2007), protecting against deception (Adler, 2007), making an ethical program work (Grace Haupert, 2006), and advancing CSR (Porter Kramer, 2006). The remaining part of the research reveals my four recommendations and two questions for future researchers. A final part summarizes all of the above. Review Section Brief History Garone (1994) stated that It is not difficult to remember when the concept of business ethics was a novelty to most people. It was taken largely for granted by business executives and it attracted little public attention (p. 9). Not many people were concerned much about business ethics. In addition, according to Mitchell (2003), there were many CEOs who focused on taking care of their own individual importance rather than their corporations functioning and profit. Apparently, these presented above show us that business people were not fully aware of or ignored the significance of business ethics. However, things have changed over the time, and ethics has recently played an important role in doing business (Garone, 1994). Moreover, corporations of all sizes, especially multinationals, are more attuned to the bottom-line value of being a good corporate citizen and playing by the rules, and individual business people are seeking to do what is right rather than anything to close the deal' (Mitchell, 2003, p. 2). In other words, most business people have changed their minds and attitudes towards business ethics because they have figured out the close relationship between being ethical in doing business and achieving profitable goals in operating their companies. Although business ethics is already considered to be significant these days and corporations ethical standards and morals have been set to manage it, not all the cases are successful. For example, the NYNEX Corporation confronted an ethical dispute for many years (Garone, 1994); Chinese corruption is so popular all over the world that many foreign companies with operations in China have to find ways to deal with this phenomenon (Pedersen, 2006); the scandal of melamine in milk in China revealed the unethical aspects in doing business (DeLaurentis, 2009); additionally, the U.S. and Japanese life insurance markets faced up to serious ethical turmoil in the marketing and management of insurance products, resulting in an erosion of public trust in the industry (Cooper Nakabayashi, 2010, p. 64). From these cases presented above, the significance to know how to manage business ethics effectively is really needed. Literature Review Before figuring out the ways to do this, let us have more understanding about what business ethics is: Business ethics defines how a company integrates its core values such as honesty, trust, respect and fairness into its policies, practices and decision-making. Business ethics, of course, also involves a companys compliance with legal standards and adherence to internal rules and regulations. As recently as decade ago, business ethics consisted primarily of compliance-based, legally-driven codes and training that outlined in detail what employees could or could not do in regard to areas such as conflict of interest or improper use of company assets. (Mitchell, 2003, p. 9) As what we have seen in the definition above, honesty, trust, respect and fairness are considered to be very important values to the company. They can be called the spine of formulating business ethics. In addition, the companys rules and regulations must be set to manage business ethics. Without rules and regulations, the company has almost nothing to follow and distinguish what goes right and what goes wrong in case of something related to business ethics happens. More importantly, the code of ethics also plays an important role in letting business people know what they should or should not do. Understanding the concept of business ethics, now we move to its significance in the business world. Epstein (2007) said that ethics contributed to ever-escalating standards for corporate performance (p. 217). In relation to this matter, Mitchell (2003) stated the following: More and more corporations see business ethics as a bottom-line issue not an optional one of morality. The acceptance of ethics as contributing to corporate operating profits or losses means they are receiving unprecedented attention. It is for this reason that behaving ethically and responsibly may be the wave of the future, if only because the right thing to do can also be the profitable thing to do. (Mitchell, 2003, p. 2) From this point, we can see that companies did not pay much attention to business ethics before. Many companies perceived that it seemed to be not a necessary part in running a company. An optional one of morality (Mitchell, 2003, p. 2) means that corporations so far did not care of business ethics at all, or they only thought of or concerned themselves about it whenever they like. However, things have changed, and the world of business has been changing, too. Corporations now have the ability to figure out the significance of business ethics. Even more, they are aware of the connection between business ethics and their bottom line. Corporations have to admit that there is a relationship between the two listed above, so Mitchell (2003) pointed out that the right thing to do can also be the profitable thing to do (p. 2). Let us move on to the code of ethics that is included in the definition of business ethics (Mitchell, 2003). Kitson (1996), Blodgett and Carlson (1997), Moyes and Park (1997), Hume, Larkins, and Iyer (1999), and Schwartz (2001) defined codes of ethics as tools that are commonly used as one of the efforts to encourage ethical behavior, and pointed out there may be a great deal of room for improvement of existing codes (as cited in Lere Gaumnitz, 2007, p. 7). Moreover, Frankel (1989) lists the following potential reasons for the existence of codes of ethics: 1) provide group guidance for an individual when that individual faces a novel situation, 2) provide a basis for public expectations and evaluation of the organization, 3) strengthen the sense of common purpose among members of the organization, 4) enhance the organizations reputation and public trust, 5) preserve entrenched organizational biases, 6) create an environment in which reporting unethical behavior is affirmed, 7) provide support for individuals when faced with pressures to behave in an unethical manner, and 8) serve as a basis for adjudicating disputes among members of the organization and between members and non-members. (as cited in Lere Gaumnitz, 2007, pp. 15-16) Apparently, without a specific tool to evaluate and motivate ethical behavior, corporations find themselves hard to let their staffs and employees follow the right way or avoid the wrong one. And the code of ethics helps them to do that. Personally, I agree with the reasons why companies have to have their code of ethics like what Frankel (1989) listed above (as cited in Lere Gaumnitz, 2007, pp. 15-16). When business people come up with any new circumstances that they have to make a decision but they do not know how to do it and what guides to follow, their companys code of ethics lightens up their mind. Thanks to the code of ethics, the staffs and employees can overcome the pressure of perceiving what they should do to follow the ethical standards and keeping off the unethical ones. Generally, the code of ethics is like a basis for companies to formulate their rules or regulations to orient themselves and their personnel. Another aspect of business ethics is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) which is considered to be very important to build a companys reputation (Porter Kramer, 2006). Prieto-Carrà ³n, Thomsen, Chan, Muro, and Bhushan (2006) specified CSR as a concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis (p. 978). Furthermore, Prieto-Carrà ³n et al. (2006) also perceived CSR as an umbrella term for a variety of theories and practices all of which recognize the following: (a) that companies have a responsibility for their impact on society and the natural environment, sometimes beyond legal compliance and the liability of individuals; (b) that companies have a responsibility for the behavior of others with whom they do business (e.g. within supply chains); and that (c) business needs to manage its relationship with wider society, whether for reasons of commercial viability, or to add value to society. (Prieto-Carrà ³n et al., 2006, p. 978) These definitions cited above show us that companies and societies do have a close relationship with each other. Chung, Eichenseher, and Taniguchi (2008) stated that businesses have a social responsibility beyond making profits (p. 131). Providing more detail, Davies (2003) points out that corporate responsibility is a pact for mutual benefit between society that needs business for economic and social development, and business that needs a supportive business environment (as cited in Gugler Shi, 2009, p. 5). Sharing the same thoughts, Mitchell (2003) affirmed an interesting point that the more common view today is that societies can and do have the right to expect business to function at certain levels of ethical standards (p. 10). Furthermore, Mitchell (2003) emphasized the following: With large mergers and the development of new markets around the world, major corporations now wield more economic and political power than the governments under which they operate. In response, public pressure has increased for business to take on more social responsibility and operate according to higher ethical standards. (Mitchell, 2003, p. 10) To me, I consider this matter as a fair one because this is a two-way benefit: the societies create markets for corporations to trade their goods and services to earn profit, survive, and develop, so in exchange, the companies have to do something good and beneficial for their societies. We cannot say it is a must for companies to do that, but they themselves have to be aware of CSR as a fair and good tendency to stick with. I like the way Mitchell (2003) used the phrase in response (p. 10) as presented above because it completely tells us that this is really a two-way relationship between corporations and societies. We usually call business people who have contributions to their society philanthropists, but more significantly, when they do something good for the societies, they also show their responsibility and obligation to appreciate what the society gives them. After understanding the basic elements and significance of business ethics, now we come to the ways to manage it effectively. Followings are five ways to do that: build an effective corporate ethics code (Mitchell, 2003), improve code of ethics to change behavior (Buckhoff Wilson, 2008; Lere Gaumnitz, 2007), protect against deception (Adler, 2007), make an ethical program work (Grace Haupert, 2006), and advance CSR (Porter Kramer, 2006). First, building an effective corporate ethics code must be taken into consideration because according to Mitchell (2003), not many companies have a written code of conducts and ethics although they have already known about the significance of corporate ethics (p. 90). For instance, seventy one per cent of companies in Australia and seventy per cent of companies in Japan do not have a written code of conducts and ethics (Mitchell, 2003). However, when recognizing that a code of ethics fulfills many purposes within an organization and in order to compete effectively, global companies must ensure that their ethics codes and codes of conduct are culturally coherent to all employees (Mitchell, 2003, p. 88). How might companies do this? Mitchell (2003) showed us the following interesting point: A corporate ethics code needs to be more than the rules of the road; it should include a statement of the companys core valuesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Code of conduct must provide clear direction about ethical behavior when the temptation to behave unethically is strongestà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ In a nutshell, the code should be: Easy to read Practical and relevant for each business or geographic market Sufficient but not excessive in detail Well written and accessible in tone (Mitchell, 2003, pp. 94-95) According to what I am thinking, what Mitchell stated looks like a magnetic needle, a very clear way, to build an effective corporate ethics code. More significantly, it was emphasized that corporate ethics codes have to be clear so everyone, even in the smallest unit of a company, can understand and follow. This is logical because if a company sets up an ethics code that sounds very well and interesting but is ill-defined, not everyone can understand its basis and what to do. In this point I think, the set code of ethics is useless and has no meaning, and even more seriously, it can make business people confused. Second, we can manage business ethics effectively by improving codes of ethics to change behavior. In detail, when we talk about changing behavior, we would like to mention about changing perception, which is formally described as changing the decision makers beliefs (subjective probability distribution) as to whether an action is ethical (Lere Gaumnitz, 2007, p. 9). In general, the purpose of improving codes of ethics to change behavior can be achieved by careful (1) selection of code content and (2) design of enforcement mechanisms (Lere Gaumnitz, 2007, p. 7). Personally, I want to focus more on designing enforcement mechanisms: An organization choosing to have an enforcement provision in its code of ethics is providing additional incentives (disincentives) to encourage (discourage) selection of certain actions. Although enforcement mechanisms can provide both incentives and disincentives, they seem to generally rely on penalties imposed when an unethical action is takenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Two ways the organization can increase the expected value of the penalty are to increase 1) the size of the penalty and 2) the probability that the penalty will be borne. (Lere Gaumnitz, 2007, p. 12) Sharing the same idea above, Buckhoff and Wilson (2008) said that the costs of dishonesty must exceed the benefits derived from dishonest behavior, so people will think twice before doing it (Buckhoff Wilson, 2008, p. 55). In this point, I want to analyze the reason why corporations should have something that we call enforcement mechanism, or more specifically, penalty (Lere Gaumnitz, 2007, p. 12). First, human beings are very diversified. We have many different kinds of people, including good and bad ones. Second, different kinds of people have different behaviors when faced with a particular issue. For example, in a travel agent, a tour guide can perceive that he deserves to receive tips from his customer because he has taken a good care of the customer. On the contrary, the agents board of management can perceive this differently that taking good care of customers is the tour guides responsibility and vocational ethics, and of course he has to follow that. Here the problem appears, or we can say, this makes the related people confused. Therefore, if the agents board of management wants every tour guide not to receive any tips from customers, they have to set regulations to let the tour guides know that. This is a must, but it is not enough. Together with the regulations, the management board has to impose a penalty on their tour guides who receive tips from their customers. The penalties can be eliminating ten per cent of monthly wage, three days off, or five percent of yearly bonus. To me, I believe that such kinds of penalty can let all tour guides think more seriously and carefully before receiving any tips or presents from their customers. On the whole, when we see this in a big picture, we can be aware that business people will be discouraged to do something violating ethical principles thanks to thinking of penalties they would suffer. Third, managing business ethics effectively can also be achieved by protecting against deception (Alder, 2007). Nowadays, we are living and working in an informative technology period of time, so we know for sure that information plays a very important role in doing business, especially making decisions. However, wrong information can be approached by business people because of deception, such as telling lies. Unfortunately, one of the enduring truths about human beings is that we lie frequently and often quite casuallyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Lying is a central aspect of human behavior (Adler, 2007, p. 69). There is a fact that according to the most conservative estimates of human resource managers, 25% of all rà ©sumà ©s contain significant lies (Adler, 2007, p. 69). Especially, lying is extremely pervasive in the negotiation process. According to Adler (2007), although we do not have any perfect tool to protect ourselves completely from this pervasive phenomenon, we can greatly minimize the risk of lies in bargaining through a series of steps designed either to expose lies and liars before negotiations begin or to provide protection from lies (p. 71). For example, before negotiations begin, preparation is particularly critical when facing opponents for the first time and the stakes are high, and this preparation can be researching the other sides character and bona fides, and participating scenarios that might play out in the negotiation (Adler, 2007, p. 71). How about during the negotiation process? Adler (2007) advised us eight ways to detect lies. In person, I pay attention to ask questions in different ways, take notes during negotiations, and trust but verify (Adler, 2007, pp. 72-73). The reasons I want to raise this issue are that the negotiation process is usually a part of doing business, and telling lies is considered to be violating business ethics. An ethical negotiator or an ethical business person participating in a negotiation process cannot allow himself/herself to tell lies to provide inexact information only in order to achieve his/her personal goals. As I have mentioned above, the phenomenon of telling lies happens often. Moreover, according to my own experience in the negotiating environment, I recognize that we should have some tips, or ways, to protect ourselves from deception. And thanks to the advice above, I have the opportunity to pay more attention to preparation and in negotiation process. Here, I want to generalize this issue, or I want us to see this issue in a big picture. That is, when we want to protect ourselves from deception in doing business, it is a must that we have good preparation and skills to reveal deception. First, good preparation in thinking of everything that can happen, checking our business partners before cooperating with them, and investing in ways or solutions to deal with any problems can help us be more confident. Second, skills in revealing deception need to be learned and practiced more often so that no one can tell us a lie or cheat us in doing business. Next, let us move on to the fourth way to manage business ethics effectively. That is, making our ethical program works (Grace Haupert, 2006). There is a framework called ESD that encourages everyone to work ethically, supports those inclined to work ethically, and deters those who may be tempted to veer from the path of ethical behavior (Grace Haupert, 2006, p. 66). Or, we can say that the ESD program is a combination of encouraging, supporting, and deterring. Three conditions are needed to run this program. First of all, a risk profile needs to be set up. Risk profile is developed by public accountants, internal auditors, risk-management and legal staff, and perhaps outside help from consultants and error-and-omissions carriersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ once the risk profile is created, checks and balances to mitigate these risks can be developed (Grace Haupert, 2006, p. 67). Then, the board of management needs to be a mirror for every staff can look at and follow: management must follow t he lead of the board by acting ethically and insisting that the staff do the same (Grace Haupert, 2006, p. 67). Last, staff must also have confidence that management will fully support those who report malfeasance by others, including their superiors (Grace Haupert, 2006, p. 67). As we can see in the ESD program above, all important criteria are listed. Personally, I have a high evaluation of this program. Let me tell you the reasons why. This program emphasizes preparation and checks. The preparation appears at the risk profile. It requires top management to think of every kinds of risk that can happen to their corporations. Only when they are aware of these kinds of risk, they can have strategies to deal with and check what is going on in this process. Moreover, the program points out a perception that if top management wants everybody in their company to follow the rules not to violate business ethics, first of all, managers have to do that. They have to be a bright mirror for everybody in the corporation to look at and follow what they are doing to protect and practice business ethics. This is an important point to me. Furthermore, this ESD program creates a two-way close relationship between top management and staffs. Let the staffs have a chance to talk , to raise their voice, and to announce what is going wrong to their top management. This is very beneficial for a corporation to know what is happening inside the company and inside every staff members mind. Thanks to these kinds of open talks and discussions, corporations can be aware of what to do to keep business ethics running in a good way. The last in the five ways to manage business ethics effectively is advancing CSR (Porter et al., 2006). The interesting point is that Corporations are not responsible for all the worlds problems, nor do they have the resources to solve them all. Each company can identify the particular set of societal problems that it is best equipped to help resolve and from which it can gain the greatest competitive benefit. (Porter Kramer, 2006, p. 92) The idea is interesting, and I myself share the point of view of Porter and Kramer (2006). Corporations are not completely social philanthropists, so they do not have to worry about or take care of all social concerns, problems, or requirements. Perceiving that doing something good for the society that companies are running in is also doing something good for the companies, top management can choose some social issues only and take care of them. Focusing like this is enough, and this will help corporations have enough time and resources to deal with many other issues. What is presented above shows us that there are copious ways to help improve business ethics management. Thanks to these methods, top management can have a frame of what needs to be done to take care of business ethics. However, sometimes when standing in front of many ways like this, corporations boards of management find it hard to choose which one to follow. The followings are recommendations of some practical ways for managers to deal with managing business ethics more effectively. Recommendations Before giving recommendations, I want to sum up some significant points. So far, we have gone through what business ethics, code of ethics, and CSR mean and their importance to business people. In addition, we have figured out the close relationship between doing something good for business and doing something good for society. However, how can companies be successful in managing business ethics? This is a big question to those concerned with this issue. Being deeply aware of the significance of these elements, many scholars pointed out five ways to help manage business ethics efficiently. Among these methods presented above, personally, I feel interested in four practical ways that can help. First, managers have to set up an effective corporate ethics code. This recommendation comes from Mitchell (2003). How can we know if the corporate ethics code is effective or not? It is effective when written carefully, simple for everybody to understand, and applicable for every company member from top managers to staff to follow. Moreover, I want to add one more practical criterion: the corporate ethics code set has to be as detailed as possible. This set of code must include all ethical business aspects of a company, so it can be considered as a concession of all matters related to business ethics between all staff members and the company. Second, managers have to act and behave ethically in any circumstances. In this point, I base my opinion on and totally agree with Grace and Haupert (2006)s idea. When managers want their employees to go in the same ethical way in doing business, they have to be the first ones to do that. As I have mentioned before, top managers are considered to be bright mirrors that reflect their actions to their staffs to look at. We can easily imagine what would happen if the staff members always see their manager act and behave unethically, but the managers always ask for ethical behavior from their staffs. Apparently, the employees will perceive that it is very unfair for them to follow business ethics while their top managers do not. From this perception, the purpose of managing business ethics from top management cannot be reached. Third, managers have to set up rules and regulations to manage business ethics in a corporation. This recommendation is accumulated thanks to the ideas of Lere and Gaumnitz (2007) together with Buckhoff and Wilson (2008). Human beings are all different people, so some usually stick with behaving ethically, but the others may not. Therefore, how can managers follow up what is going on related to their actions without rules and regulations? The rules and regulations, in another way, are set to force everybody to follow ethical actions. Furthermore, I want to add my own idea and recommendation. When talking about rules and regulations, we are usually concerned about punishments, or penalties, to treat people when they break the rules or have unethical actions. This is a must, but not enough. I want to emphasize that if we have punishments, we also need to have awards. The awards are to encourage business people to act ethically all the time they are doing business, or we can say in anot her way, that the awards are set to add more motivation for business people to stick with business ethics. Managers should pay more attention to this. Finally, managers have to advance CSR in a very wise way. This recommendation comes from the ideas of Porter and Kramer (2006). Once again, corporations are apparently not social philanthropists. Hence, they will not have enough resources to concern themselves with every little aspect of society. Knowing the close relationship between doing something good for society and doing something good for corporations, managers have to select some, not all, social issues to work on. When they are concentrated like this, they will have enough time and resources to invest in making it run well. This is beneficial for both companies and society. These are my recommendations of four ways managers should manage business ethics more effectively. One more issue I want to mention in the following part is that after going through the researching process, I would love to raise two questions that we need to look at to advance business strategy knowledge related to this business ethics issue. The first one I want future researchers to take into consideration is the following: Do corporations need a business ethics manager or specialist? The one in this position will have the responsibility to take care of all the issues and problems that relate to business ethics. For example, he/she will set up business ethics codes, rules and regulations, strategies, and plans for CSR programs. The second question that I want future researchers to think of is this: How do companies motivate business people to stick with acting ethically? We did have research about penalties, but we are lacking research about awards and motivation to encourage busin ess people. I believe that having this knowledge of motivation, managers will be more confident to know how to encourage their employees to follow the corporations business ethics. Conclusion Unlike what happened in the past, business ethics now plays a very significant role in doing business. More and more people are taking care of this matter seriously. With the purpose of discussing more about the topic, my research paper concerns about ways for managers to manage business ethics efficiently. Beginning with the literature framework and importance of business ethics and its components, such as corporate business ethics and CSR, the research step-by-step comes to the five ways to manage it effectively. Additionally, knowing the importance of business ethics but not knowing how to manage it in a good manner is a hard problem for managers. My research helps to solve this by giving a set of guidelines including four recommendations: setting up an effective corporate ethics code, acting and behaving ethically in any circumstances, setting up rules and regulations, and advancing CSR in a very wise way. Finally, this paper comes to give my two issues for future researchers to take into consideration, in hopes that they would help. They are whether corporations need a business ethics manager or specialist, and how companies motivate their employees to act ethically.

The Two Faced Salieri :: essays research papers

â€Å"Now a madness began in me. The madness of a man splitting in half†. Even though this was uttered by Salieri, it’s our life! And yet we still don’t know what’s in it. You might not notice, but everyone in this world has two sides, one dark and the other light. The quote above also has two sides. On one hand he was a noble court composer, on the other hand he was really evil and was filled up with jealousy. Did Salieri control his two different sides or did he believe in one side and invaded the other? In the following few paragraphs, I am going to prove to you how Salieri was a two faced person. Salieri was a noble, decent and a mature person. After his father died, God gave him what he needed and made him a court composer for the Emperor. He was simply a model of virtue for other people. â€Å"I kept my hands off woman†. This was said by Salieri and this quote also proves that he was respectful and an honored person. â€Å"Teaching students, many of them for free, sitting on endless committees to help poor musicians†. This quote was also said by the court composer Salieri. This quote tells all of us that he was a really nice person and didn’t want anything in return because God gave him what he needed the most. â€Å"Let me celebrate your glory through music†. This shows us that he was very dedicated to his religion and to God. â€Å"I was the most successful musician in Vienna†. Salieri was really happy when he knew he was the greatest composer of Vienna but when ever there is a good time for a person, there is also a bad. Salieriâ⠂¬â„¢s evil side took over part of his good side and this all happened when he arrived. The most famous composer named Mozart. Salieri like everyone else also had a bad side. He was really jealous when Mozart took over his dreams. Mozart was also a composer and he became well known in Vienna through his music. When Salieri first saw Mozart he thought how can such a vulgar man create such great music. Salieri was really mad at God for making such a disgusting and a dirty minded person such a great composer.

The whitlam government Essay -- essays research papers

The Whitlam Government (1972 – 1975) introduced many ideas that impacted on all the people of Australia. There may have been impediments that prevented the Whitlam Government from introducing new ideas, such as the Senate. Nevertheless in three years the Whitlam Government managed to win the hearts of many Australians. In their three year reign the Whitlam Government managed to create Medibank, establish firm relations with People’s Republic of China, establish the Department of Aboriginal Affairs (Giving all Aboriginals a ‘voice’), obtained responsibility for tertiary education over from the states and eradicated tertiary fees, and establishing Supporting Mother’s Benefit’s. These were only a few of their achievements. Gough Whitlam had previously seen and heard of the Medical health scheme systems based at U.K. which he favoured. The constitution was the barrier to introducing a health scheme in Australia, and the civil conscription clause. Medibank and other health schemes were designed to avoid civil conscription and provide healthcare service based on Government finance. Whitlam’s aim in creating this system was to break the connection between healthcare and money. Whitlam wanted to break free from the hindrance of money; he wanted healthcare system based on health needs of people rather than the importance of money requirements. In 1972, the introduction of universal health insurance system known as Medibank (now Medicare) was born. It provided significant benefits to the population of Australia who had previously not been able to afford sufficient medical care; it declined private medicine and commenced to pay 85% of medical and hospital fees. Medibank provided inexpensive treatment by hospitals and doctors to all permanent citizens of Australia. Medicare is publicly funded tax surcharge that comes under the title of Medicare levy which add to the scheme. People with low income are excluded which follows a good example. People earning a high income pay a higher tax therefore compensating the loss of low paid workers. Medibank made a vast impact on all the Australian society, as now many people could afford sufficient medical care chiefly people who were still tormented from poverty. The disadvantages might to some people be that the higher they earn the more they have to pay in tax for the Medicare levy. The Whitlam Government had established a... ... of the House of Representatives or a double dissolution and the only way possible for that to happen, was by the dismissal of Whitlam and his colleagues. Opposition parties of Whitlam had affirmed they would only pass the bill only if Whitlam called an election for the House of Representatives. This could not be agreed upon, so a double dissolution (simultaneous election for all members in both houses) had to be called. Kerr could have appropriately notified Malcolm Fraser that the recurrent postponement of Supply had shaped and unbearable constitutional crisis and that the first steps could be taken to determine it if Fraser would choose one of the two alternatives. These were to instruct supporters in the Senate to pass Appropriation bills, or to reject Supply outright. The first option would have resolved the crisis; the second would have left Kerr to seek further advice from responsible ministers. Also, Kerr could have arranged Whitlam a half-senate election, so long as the basic services of government would not subside and that Whitlam take notice of the effect of the election if it did not determine the crisis. These both alternatives were open to Governor General Kerr.

What to the Slave Is The Fourth Of July? Essay -- Fredereick Douglasss

Frederick Douglass's "Fourth of July" Speech is the most famous speech delivered by the abolitionist and civil rights advocate Frederick Douglass. It attracted a crowd of between five hundred and six hundred. Douglass’s speech to the slaves on the Fourth of July served to show the slaves that there is nothing for them to celebrate. They were not free and the independence that the rest of the country celebrated did not apply to them. In his speech he tries to make white people consider the behavior of black people. Specially their feelings towards a national occasion such as Independence Day. At the time of Douglass’s speech America were actually two different nations, white and black. Two separated nations one had great benefits after the independence and another still fight for basic human rights. What does the independence means for people who still suffer after it? This question is the most important. In the Declaration of Independence. He is implying that these rights are not being extended to African Americans. When this country was created it was meant to be a plac...

The Bourne Identity

‘The Borne Identity’, released in the year 2002, is a fascinating action-thriller flick. The movie borrows plot elements, characters and the title from a popular spy novel written by Robert Ludlum during the Cold War era. The movie is about a CIA operative who loses his memory and sets outs on a quest to reclaim his identity. He also faces the twin challenge of surviving his own doubts about his past and escaping from assassins hired by his own agency to hunt him down. The plotline is quite strong, if not unique, and has enough juice to keep the viewer interested till the very end.The movie offers a healthy dose of fight and chase sequences to the keep viewer engrossed amidst thrilling character development, brisk pacing and solid acting. Movie Synopsis This Universal Pictures production was directed by Doug Liman, while Matt Damon stars as Jason Bourne in the lead role. The main character Bourne is found shot and half-dead in a beach and rescued by fishermen. He has no memory of his past, as he suffers from severe amnesia. The only clue that he uncovers immediately is the account number and address of a Swiss bank, beaming out of a â€Å"miniaturized laser pointer from his hip† (Younkin 2).He desperately feels the urge to figure out his past and reclaim his identity. He begins a quest for reviving his identity by first going to Switzerland to look for answers and then follows the path laid by newly uncovered clues. In Switzerland, Bourne finds a gun and a lot of multiple currency money in his bank safety deposit. He also finds it bizarre that he possesses multiple fake passports under his name. Bourne is also surprised to learn about his exceedingly good martial art skills when confronted with a situation to fight for his life. When he tries to seek the aid of the US Embassy, more trouble awaits him.These revelations make him uncomfortable as it brings upon the suspicion that he might have a dark past. At one point, he realizes that he has to wither accept the possibility of him being a bad individual or wander confused about his true identity for the rest of his life. Matt Damon effectively conveys feelings of paranoia when his character Bourne is overwhelmed by this internal conflict. At this juncture, Bourne meets a woman named Marie played by Franka Potente. She is in a crunch need for money and he needs immediate transportation to flee away to this next destination France.Hence, they both agree to help out each other, as Marie strikes a deal with Bourne to transport him to Paris in exchange for $20,000 in cash. And, eventually Potente’s character turns out to be the hero’s love interest. In Paris, Bourne escapes all the assassination attempts planned against him by the CIA. Meanwhile, Marie goes flees away to safety on Bourne’s insistence. When Bourne visits the Treadstone Head Quarters, he gets back his memory about him being a CIA spy and assassin. He destroys the Treadstone operation and r eunites with Marie in a remote Greek island. CharactersClive Owen plays the role of an assassin sent by the CIA to kill Bourne since he failed in his mission of killing an African leader who threatens to expose the CIA secrets. Owen’s character, the professor, is a polished, cold, trench coat assassin who is in ruthless pursuit of Bourne. Owen nails the part to the tee with his emotionless expressions. Chris Cooper plays the role of the shady CIA officer Conklin who plans out top secret operations and makes ethically objectionable decisions behind closed doors. His character is also quite animated and annoyingly funny at times.Julia Stiles gives a decent performance with her robotic expressions, playing a minor part of an analyst named Nicolette. Critique Movie critic Craig Younkin calls Bourne Identity a â€Å"film about a character trying to rebuild† and emphasizes the importance of steady character building in this movie (Younkin 1). Mike Clark of USA Today feels th at Damon’s portrayal of Bourne is much more convincing than Richard Chamberlain’s performance in the 1988 TV version of the same movie(2). He also suggests that Demon’s being younger and his charming looks did not deter the credibility of the character.BBC’s Neil Smith also speaks highly of Damon’s portrayal of Bourne and compares his character to the likes of â€Å"classic spies like Harry Palmer and George Smiley† (2). However, he harshly criticizes the movie for not completely harnessing the acting prowess of Potente who showed great potential in the popular movie ‘Run Lola Run’. However, Charles Taylor of Salon. com considers Potente as the â€Å"movie's biggest human factor† (5). He perceives Potente’s character Marie as humane since she â€Å"watches frozen and scared† when Bourne is busy fighting with assassins, thereby providing â€Å"tenderness in the midst of violence† (Taylor 4).Rob Gonsalv es of eFilm Critic points out that Matt Damon’s natural appearance characterized by a â€Å"mixture of hard and soft features† makes him look â€Å"both defined and blank† (2). He perceives Bourne’s character as someone whose â€Å"mind forgot who he is but his body remembers very well† (2). Gonsalves feels this Damon’s attributes and acting work well for Bourne’s character that has no memory of his personal life, but still is proficient in certain survival skills such as speaking different languages and martial arts.He also compares this movie to the critically acclaimed thriller Memento, since the lead characters in both films suffer from the same condition while striving hard to uncover their identity and past. Margaret McGurk of the Cincinnati Enquirer is all praise for the director Liman, as she suggests that the movie’s â€Å"urgent pace helps play down some of the awkward plot holes† (8). She feels that that plot in most movies in this genre do tend to be lacking at times, since the primary focus is on the main character and only little time is left for explaining plotlines in detail.McGurk also appreciates the director for smartly muting the background score at the right time. Liman also receives praise from Top critic Colin Covert of the Star Tribune for his realistic style and paying â€Å"precise attention to detail†, especially in the car chase scene staged in Paris (6). Movie critic Jeremy Heilman of MovieMartyr. com points that the film’s weakness lies in the â€Å"lack of a strong villain† character and the absence of a concrete reason behind CIA’s desire to get rid of Bourne (3). He also feels that the films seems incomplete as a â€Å"number of plot threads remain untied† (Heilman 3).The movie’s main character is well developed and the storyline of the movie left enough room to make decent sequels, in the form of ‘The Bourne Supremacy ’ and ‘The Bourne Ultimatum’. Editing Technique The classical Hollywood editing approach is geared to toward achieving continuity by adopting editing techniques such as matching shots, cutting for reaction and cutting on action. However, the editors of the movie break out from convention, by capturing action on the fly and cutting for movement. This enables the audience to view action sequences exactly from Bourne’s shoes.The end results of this technique can be quite confusing and unsettling to the viewer, since there is always an element of uncertainty. Unlike usual action flicks, this movie’s editing does not ignore the consequences of the main character’s actions on other characters, thereby adding a touch of realism. In a way, this movie is not only entertaining but also makes the audience relate to the consequence of violence. Lighting and Cinematography The lighting and colors are quite dark to be reflective of the nature of the subjec t being handled in the movie.The movie follows quite a contemporary style of storytelling in this genre. The opening scene of the movie starts with a unique shot where we see Bourne’s body from underneath, through the water. The movie’s action sequences were shot and edited in way to provide a sense of realism, usually experienced in documentaries. The film is visually appealing as it showcases scenic locations in Zurich, Prague and Paris. The final scene set in the Greek island of Mykonos is testament to the movie’s refined visual treatment. ConclusionOne has to remember that this movie came out in 2002, just a few months after the tragic events of 9/11 when the CIA’s operational methods came under the microscope. Hence, it is natural for the audience to expect an element of relevance to real-world events. Applying political connotations to this movie would have only worsened the socio-political climate. According to A. O. Scott of the New York Times, th is movie is just a work of fiction and has nothing to do with current or past world happenings, thereby providing â€Å"something of a relief† (6).He further says Ludlum’s work is purely a fictional thriller, and does not intend on stimulating ethical dilemmas or posing questions over troubling geopolitical issues (Scott 6). Although the movie is not a typical action flick filled to the brim with action sequences and special effects, it does succeed in providing heart-pounding action to the viewer. Works Cited Page Covert, Colin. 24 March 2007. â€Å"Bourne Identity is a scorching thriller†. Star Tribune. (June 13 2002). 24 March 2007. Clark, Mike. â€Å"Bourne plays old-school spy game†.USA Today. (14 June 2002). 24 March 2007. Gonsalves, Rob. â€Å"The Bourne Identity†. eFilmCritic. 24 March 2007. Heilman, Jeremy. â€Å"The Bourne Identity (Doug Liman) 2002†. 24 March 2007. McGurk, Margaret. â€Å"Bourne to Thrill†. Cincinnati E nquirer. (14 June 2002). 24 March 2007. Scott, A. , O. â€Å"He Knows a Lot, Just Not His Name†.New York Times. (14 June 2002). 24 March 2007. Smith, Neil. â€Å"The Bourne Identity†. British Broadcasting Corporation. (September 2002). 24 March 2007. Taylor, Charles. â€Å"The Bourne Identity†. Salon. (14 June 2002). 24 March 2007. Younkin, Craig. â€Å"Reviews; The Bourne Identity†. MovieFreak. 24 March 2007.

Bullying in the Schools Essay

Bullying and intimidation are a major social problem in many cultures. Since it is widely considered immature and mean to perpetrate violent or threatening acts, it is not surprising that incidents of bullying are usually found among young people where they gather to socialize. Schools are a hotbed of bullying activity, and many children are victimized. Bullying has two key components: repeated harmful acts and an imbalance of power. It involves repeated physical, verbal, or psychological attacks or intimidation directed against a victim who cannot properly defend him or herself because of size or strength, or because the victim is outnumbered or less psychologically resilient. Bullying includes assault, tripping, intimidation, rumor-spreading and isolation, demands for money, destruction of property, theft of valued possessions, destruction of another’s work, and name-calling. There are different categories of school bullying, and some of the categories overlap. Here are some of the most important categories that are frequently discussed: 1) How Many Bullies †¢ Pack bullying is bullying undertaken by a group. Pack bullying was more prominent in high schools and characteristically lasted longer that bullying undertaken by individuals. Pack bullying may be physical bullying or emotional bullying and be perpetrated in person or in cyberspace. †¢ Individual bullying is one-on-one bullying that may take place either in person or online, as well as being physical bullying or emotional bullying. 2) Mode of School Bullying †¢ Physical bullying is bullying that takes the form of physical abuse, such as pushing, shoving, hitting, fighting, spitting, and tripping. †¢ Emotional bullying is bullying that involves factors other than physical interaction, such as insults, derogatory remarks, name calling, and teasing. 3) Medium of School Bullying †¢ Face-to-face bullying is bullying in which students confront each other in person. †¢ Cyber bullying is bullying that takes place online, through either email, chat rooms, social networking services, text messages, instant messages, website postings, blogs, or a combination of means. 4) Specific Targets of School Bullying †¢ Homophobic bullying is sometimes distinguished because it has a particular target population. †¢ Bullying of students with disabilities is another type of bullying with a focused target population. †¢ Racist bullying is a third type of focused bullying that targets people of a specific race or cultural. †¢ Religious bullying targets people who have specific religious beliefs. International research suggests that bullying is common at schools and occurs beyond elementary school; bullying occurs at all grade levels, although most frequently during elementary school. It occurs slightly less often in middle schools, and less so, but still frequently, in high schools. High school freshmen are particularly vulnerable. Most students do not report bullying to adults. Surveys from a variety of countries confirm that many victims and witnesses fail to tell teachers or even parents. As a result, teachers may underestimate the extent of bullying in their school and may be able to identify only a portion of the actual bullies. Studies also suggest that children do not believe that most teachers intervene when told about bullying. The same is true of student-witnesses. Although most students agree that bullying is wrong, witnesses rarely tell teachers and only infrequently intervene on behalf of the victim. Some students worry that intervening will raise a bully’s wrath and make him or her the next target. Many of the European and Scandinavian studies concur that bullies tend to be aggressive, dominant, and slightly below average in intelligence and reading ability and most evidence suggests that bullies are at least of average popularity. The belief that bullies â€Å"are insecure, deep down† is probably incorrect. Bullies do not appear to have much empathy for their victims. In Australia, research shows that bullies have low empathy levels, are generally uncooperative, and, based on self-reports, come from dysfunctional families low on love. Their parents tend to frequently criticize them and strictly control them. Dutch researchers have found a correlation between harsh physical punishments such as beatings, strict disciplinarian parents and bullying. A number of researchers believe that bullying occurs due to a combination of social interactions with parents, peers, and teachers. The history of the parent-child relationship may contribute to cultivating a bully, and low levels of peer and teacher intervention combine to create opportunities for chronic bullies to thrive. Most bullies victimize students in the same class or year, although 30 percent of victims report that the bully was older, and approximatel y ten percent report that the bully was younger. It is unknown the extent to which physical, mental or speech difficulties, eyeglasses, skin color, language, height, weight, hygiene, posture, and dress play a role in victim selection. One major study found the only external characteristics†¦to be associated with victimization were that victims tended to be smaller and weaker than their peers. One study found that nonassertive youth who were socially incompetent had an increased likelihood of victimization. Having friends, especially ones who will help protect against bullying, appears to reduce the chances of victimization. Victims of bullying suffer consequences beyond embarrassment. Some victims experience psychological and/or physical distress, are frequently absent and cannot concentrate on schoolwork. Research generally shows that victims have low self-esteem, and their victimization can lead to depression that can last for years after the victimization. Boys and girls who were bullied at least once a week experienced poorer health, more frequently contemplated suicide, and suffered from depression, social dysfunction, anxiety, and insomnia. Sociologist Robert Crosnoe in his book â€Å"Fitting In, Standing Out† provides new and disturbing evidence that socially marginalized youth, including victims of bullying, are less likely to go to college, which can have major implications for their adult lives. He found that feelings of not fitting in led to increased depression, marijuana use and truancy over time, which were associated with lower academic progress by the end of high school. That, in turn, lowered students’ odds of going to college. In an effort to address the widespread social ill that stems from of bullying behavior, many schools have established anti-bullying groups comprised of students and teachers. Courses are taught by administrators, community groups, and nonprofit organizations to raise awareness of the problem. Since suicide and criminal convictions are very real considerations, it is important to make the issue less of a hidden shame and more of an open discussion in classrooms everywhere.

College Expectation Essay

I felt scared about moving to college, university or away from home for the first time. From a small community in the province to a city with a population of less than 2 million, everything changed. I came to college and had no idea what to expect. When I entered the school I have chosen, it seemed like I was in a new world with people I do not know. I walked around the campus and felt like I was this lost little freshman. FEU was not my 1st choice actually. I just had no choice. But my â€Å"tito† said, â€Å"it is not which school that matters, it is in you if you will study hard enough to reach your goals in life. † He was right, so I need to love the school I am destined to study at. College life is completely different from high school. I expected it to be harder. Well, my expectation was right. Everything is harder. My first semester here at college, I can say was a wake-up call. I had to learn to be very independent. I have never known what it was like to be that independent before. I have learned that I am capable of a lot of things that I never thought I was back then. My expectations for attending college: To get a good education that will help me to get my dream job. To learn to be independent and to live on my own. To meet new people. To be able to take care of myself.

Economic philosophies Essay

This paper will focus on the contributions of John Maynard Keynes and Milton Friedman to economic philosophies. Keynes is considered by many as the most famous and influential economist. Though having that veneration, a number of economists had been in opposition to the Keynesian school of thought. Among the forefront oppositions to the Keynesian economic philosophy is Milton Friedman, along with his accounts on monetarism. In his â€Å"General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money,† Keynes laid out the foundations of his framework, which nearly all macroeconomists make use of today. This framework finds its basis on spending and demand, the factors that determine the components of spending, the liquidity-preference theory of short-run interest rates, and the necessity of the government to make strategic but powerful interferences in the economy in order to keep it on balance and avoid the extremes of depression, as well as manic excess (Delong, 2006). Keynes’ theory was said to be incomplete as it only deals with interest employment and money. There was no mention on the theory about prices. Friedman introduced the principles of prices and inflation to Keynes’ framework, based on the idea that there exists a natural rate of unemployment. Friedman also made mention of the limitations of government policies have with regard to the stability of the economy, taking into consideration the trend of its long-run growth. Friedman considered these as limits beyond which an intervention from the government would trigger an inflation of uncontrollable and destructive nature (Delong, 2006). The events that took place during the Great Depression made Keynes and his orthodox followers to underestimate the influence and role monetary policies have in making a viable solution (Delong, 2006). Keynesians are inclined to prefer fiscal policy to monetary policies as a tool to influence production and employment. They believed that money has no direct influence. Moreover, they question the power of monetary policies to influence employment and production (McCain, 2007). The Great Depression was indeed considered to be a unique event in history, which called for explanation in terms of events rather than in pursuit for a new line of economic theory. One of the events that took place during the Great Depression was the failure of the money and banking system. Thus, the Great depression illustrates the influence of changing monetary conditions (McCain, 2007). Keynes and Friedman both agreed on the necessity of a superb macroeconomic management. The private economy, when on its own, might be subjected to unbearable instability and that there is a necessity for a powerful, strategic, but limited intervention coming from the government in order to maintain stability within the economy (Delong, 2006). Though having these ideas in agreement, Friedman had been a staunch opposition to some of Keynes’ economic principles. According to Keynes, the key to maintaining economic stability is to keep government spending and private investments on stable grounds. Friedman, on the other hand, opined that the key to economic stability is keeping money supply, i. e. the amount of purchasing power, which are readily available to be spent by businesses and households stable (Delong, 2006).

Common book Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Common book - Essay Example The message was received the same day and it was relatively cheap. Letters and the postal service was another method. There were transistor radios as well, these were new radios that could be carried anywhere. Ans2. Well there was this thing called the teletype. It was a huge machine that could communicate with another machine of its type. Computers started replacing the teletype slowly. I think it was the 80s when the modem was introduced. It used the landline to connect to computers. I am not sure how it worked but you couldn’t call if the modem was in use. It was mostly an office thing. Ans3. Television was a very new thing when I was young. We didn’t get one for a long time but lots of people I knew did get it. It was magical at first. They said that the radio and print will soon become obsolete. We saw so many things on the box like other cultures and world views. It really opened your eyes. Ans4. It has changed it immensely. Letter writing was an art form and sitting down with a nice fountain pen and some good quality paper to write a letter was really something. A lot of effort went into buying postcards and writing those letters. It all meant something. Now its all about instant messaging and instant gratification. You can connect in seconds and its all so cheap. We had to think twice before making a call. Ans5. I wouldn’t say that. You look at the television now or the internet and you can see that it has a lot of good uses. There is information at your fingertips and easy access. Anyone can open a YouTube channel and communicate with millions. But I do know that personal or one on one communication has suffered. Since we put in so much time to talk to someone else, it all meant something. There was heart felt thought behind every

The process of risk categorization inspection Assignment

The process of risk categorization inspection - Assignment Example Profile factors are those that put into consideration population served, type of operation, extent of handling food and its complexity. Performance factors on the other side touch on commitment practices that contribute to food safety. In addition, performance factors also cover operator’s performance that complies with regulations and the extent of food safety plans. Each board of health must, at any time, put into account requirements and standard approach as outlined in the guidance document for Food Safety Program Practices of Operation. When operating at minimum, standard approach implementation would include the following. Standard approach entails implementing and developing a plan for reviewing as well as giving updates of standard operating procedures. It also covers categorization forms, tools, or templates for new approach incorporation (Public Health Division 4). A standard approach, in addition, train all staff who have either supporting or direct role in monitoring, reporting, or conducting categorization of the risk process. Finally, a standard approach also implements and develops an outcome reporting system from the categorization process of risks. The outcome reporting system is essential to monitoring changes and trends to risk classes. Furthermore, it also provides data that acts as a summary of profile and performance factors used for evaluation reasons. The first step in risk categorization of food premises process is assigning risk categories. Boards of health use assigning risk categories of food premises in when assessing annual onsite risk of every food premises (Bai 215). Subsequently, the health board completes categorization of risk assignment as they carry out the first inspection in every calendar level. However, assigning to risks categories is not applicable in recently established premises that are less than a year old. Assigning of risks is useful in planning towards meeting reporting requirements. It is important to

Undertaking A Site Visit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Undertaking A Site Visit - Essay Example ive for Engineers to visit the site quite often to assess if progress being made is in compliance with the safety standards or else they may visit the site in the event that there has been an accident. Indeed, site visiting is not an overnight event hence this essay seeks to outline and explore some of the measures that can be taken when embarking on this particular kind of visit. A contract to construct a project like a shopping complex is often given to a contractor who can in turn subcontract some of the tasks to the others. Basically, the contractor responsible for undertaking the project has all the knowledge about what would be happening at the site but there is every need for Engineers to visit the place to see if there is compliance with expected standards so as to avoid risk of danger such as accidents or injuries or can visit in the event that there has been an accident. First and foremost, it is imperative for the visiting person to gather as much information as possible about the place he is intending to visit. The first thing necessary to do is to obtain as much information as possible about the place from the work provider. The people who are always on site are better informed to have all the instructions and knowledge about the whole area. This is very important since it will give the visitor insight into some of the risks he may expect to enco unter. Besides relying on information from the work providers, it is also important for the visitor to conduct personal research so as to gain in-depth knowledge about the area being visited. The advent of new information and communication especially internet has brought about dramatic changes in the way we do business. Google maps are very useful as far as searching information about any subject is concerned. Conducting personal research is advantageous in that the visitor would familiarise with the place even before visiting since there would be more information that can be accessed online. Google searches

Tasks Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Tasks - Assignment Example Thinking of being a leader is actually not a dream but only a sort idea that comes to mind. There was a time when self-control has been tested too much and leading the crowd is actually a must. There was this one project that has been given to the group. Equality is actually there and having a leader is not an obligation for the mentioned group. Everyone can speak, everyone can lead. However, when everyone is so busy with other stuff such as with their studies (Masters Studies) and family, the project has been forgotten. I took the courage to speak to them regarding our project though it feels a little bit overwhelming. Responsibilities are there however, thinking that I also belong to the group and the project is mine too gave me the courage to do it so. I was afraid of having no project to pass and so I stepped out and led my busy co-workers. Different tasks have been given to everyone so that they could focus and budget their own time more. Though I felt so nervous and worried of what they would say, I still did what I thought was best for all of us. The major concern I had in mind was if they would follow me or judge me instead. To tell more of the story, thanks to their support and understanding for the group’s need, everyone cooperated well enough making the project become a success. However, for me, the true success I received during that time is that, I took the courage to lead my co-workers and had good feedbacks from them. They told me that what I did is actually an act of true leadership. True leadership does not come from words but through actions. 2. Authentic and Effective Leader Authentic leadership is actually a way of leading people through conformation of an original one or act to produce essential features. A person cannot really imitate someone else however, he can learn from their experiences. I can say that being learned and inspired through the old stories of leadership is one of the good steps to strain toward proper leadership. T he integrity, passion and dedication of past leaders could really help on becoming an effective leader. Actually, Pettinger (n.d.) discussed it to his note that to become an effective leader, one must be led by example, humble, with appreciation to co-workers, have a clear vision, avoids arguments, listens to other members, creates a positive atmosphere and some who does not take himself too much. Someone can be an effective leader without imitating others but only being inspired by their works or what they did. It is actually easy if the heart of serving and dedication to work is there. 3. Crucible Experience The crucible experience I ever had regarding leadership is just the same with what have been told above. It was when I got confused upon choosing what step to do for the better improvement of our group project. The challenge of speaking and giving tasks to a group without a leader was really not a good experience. It is actually shameful to give tasks to people (your co-worker s) knowing that you have the same level of position in the group. It became a challenge if they would listen and follow or just ignore me though. However, with the thought I had in mind regarding the consequences of being the leader of the group for a while and the courage and perseverance of doing our work right, led me to achieve success and be a better individual, or I can say, a leader. My co-workers did their part and as a result, the project has become a success. 4. Self-awareness To improve

Orientalism Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Orientalism - Movie Review Example In â€Å"Orientalism,† Edward Said, wanted to explain to the western world, especially the United States, some of the cultural and ideological differences between the â€Å"orient,† by which he means the Middle East, and the United States. Said’s â€Å"Orientalism† is divided into six sections, and in each section, he tackles one of the significant aspects of the relationship between the Middle East, representing the East, and the United States, representing the West. The five sections of â€Å"Orientalism† are designed under the titles: â€Å"The Repertory of orientalism,† â€Å"Orietalism and Empire,† â€Å"American orientalism,† â€Å"Orientalism Today : The Demonization of lslam in the News and Popular Culture,† â€Å"Oklahoma city Bombing,† and â€Å"Orientalism and Palestinian Question.† The dominating theme in the six sections is the notion that Orientalism constitutes a package of thoughts , beliefs, cultures, and traditions that are unique to the orient, and have to be adequately absorbed and understood by the East. According to Said, Orientalism does not connote a political or a social aspect alone. Rather, to understand the concept of Orientalis m according to Said, one has to develop deep understanding of many aspects that are unique to the orient. This idea is clearly expressed by Said when he introduces Orientalism as â€Å"a distribution of geopolitical awareness into aesthetic scholarly, economic, sociological, historical, and philological texts.† (Chapter 4) So, by using this set of â€Å"aspects,† Said approaches Orientalism as â€Å"a whole series of ‘interests’,† not a single entity. Among the various aspects of Orientalism, the cultural aspect remains the most distinguished and unique to the orient. The diversity of the cultures of the orient is stressed by Said, who believes that â€Å"cultural strength is not something we can discuss very easily.† Said declared that New York "plays an important role in the kind of